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Maddalena Bouchard: Master of the Flying Gems

In the world of 18th-cen­tury sci­entif­ic illus­tra­tion, women were often releg­ated to the back­ground, primar­ily work­ing as col­or­ists. Mad­dalena Bouchard (c. 1772 – c. 1793; her exact dates remain unknown), how­ever, shattered these bound­ar­ies. She was one of the very…

Books from a 15th-Century Assembly Line

For many cen­tur­ies, books were made to order: at the request of a prince or high-rank­ing cler­gy­man, a monk sat daily in the “scrip­tori­um” with a tem­plate beside him and a sheet of parch­ment before him, writ­ing text with a…

De Bry prints Las Casas’ “A Short Account …” |GALLERY

The cruel – yet tech­nic­ally and artist­ic­ally mas­ter­ful – cop­per­plate engrav­ings in Theodor de Bry’s (1528–1598) edi­tion of Bar­to­lomé de Las Cas­as’ A Short Account of the Destruc­tion of the Indies became icons of Span­ish atro­cit­ies in the New World.…